Electric Vehicle Charger Selection and Desig

Battery Selection: In the overall system design, especially in the application of principles, the overall function of the battery is to store the electrical energy generated by the solar panel under sunlight and release it when power is scarce. Currently, the batteries used in solar-powered electric vehicles mainly include lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and nickel-metal hydride batteries. A thorough analysis of the specific application effect of the battery is necessary, considering factors such as continuous operating time, daily discharge, overall capacity, and leakage energy. For the needs of this study, a 7.2V/24Ah sealed lead-acid battery is primarily used for optimal design and application.

Motor Selection and Application: In terms of the type of solar-powered electric vehicle, based on usage, the main types include AC induced motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors, and DC motors. From the perspective of charging system design, various motors have different characteristics and performance requirements. In particular, the currently used AC induced motors suffer from reduced efficiency, while permanent magnet synchronous motors are too expensive. DC motors, on the other hand, offer fast starting speeds and simple control, making them well-suited for the needs of solar-powered electric vehicles. Therefore, DC motors were selected. Specific control parameters are: operating voltage: 4.8-7.2V; no-load speed: 0.23 seconds/60 degrees (4.8V), 0.2 seconds/60 degrees (6V). PWM1 and PWM2 adjust the motor voltage by changing the duty cycle, thereby regulating the speed.